Keratosis Pilaris
Keratosis pilaris is a common, harmless skin condition that leads to the formation of small, rough bumps. Often referred to as “chicken skin” due to the texture, these bumps are typically found on the arms, thighs, cheeks, or buttocks. While the condition can affect anyone, it is more common in children and teenagers, and symptoms often worsen during puberty.1 About 50-70% of teens and 40% of adults experience this condition.2 Fortunately, most cases improve naturally, with many people seeing complete resolution by the age of 30.3
Symptoms of Keratosis Pilaris
Typical symptoms include:4,5
- Small, hard raised bumps on the skin, commonly on the upper arms, thighs, cheeks, or buttocks
- Bumps that may appear white, flesh-colored, pink, or red
- Dry and rough skin, resembling sandpaper
- Itchy or irritable skin
- Inflammation or redness around the bumps if they are itchy
These symptoms tend to worsen during winter when the skin is drier.6
What Causes Keratosis Pilaris?
The condition is caused by an excess of keratin, a protein in the skin. This build-up can block hair follicles or pores, leading to the formation of bumps. It often runs in families and may appear alongside other skin conditions like dermatitis.7
Who is at Risk?
Anyone can develop keratosis pilaris, but certain groups are more prone to it. These include people who have:8
- Fair or light skin
- Other skin conditions such as eczema or ichthyosis vulgaris
- Asthma
- Hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid)
- Cushing’s syndrome
- Diabetes
- Down syndrome
- Obesity
The condition is non-contagious, meaning it cannot be spread from person to person.
How is Keratosis Pilaris Diagnosed?
A general practitioner or a dermatologist can diagnose keratosis pilaris based on your medical history and a physical exam. No special test is required for diagnosis.
Treatment for Keratosis Pilaris
There is no cure for keratosis pilaris, as it is a mild condition that often resolves on its own. However, treatment can help improve the skin’s appearance. Treatment options include:9
- Regular, gentle exfoliation of the skin
- Using moisturizers and creams containing urea, salicylic acid, lactic acid, or glycolic acid
- Applying topical retinoids (Vitamin A) or Vitamin D creams
Some of these treatments may cause irritation, and some products might not be suitable for children. A pharmacist can recommend the best treatment options for your condition. In cases where the condition becomes red and inflamed, laser therapy may be an effective treatment.10
Additional Tips for Managing Keratosis Pilaris
You can also try the following to reduce symptoms:11 12
- Avoid scratching the bumps
- Steer clear of harsh chemicals that can dry out the skin
- Wash with warm (not hot) water
- Use mild, unscented soaps and bathing products
- Avoid using abrasive scrubs
- Pat your skin dry gently rather than rubbing it with a towel
- Apply moisturizer while your skin is still moist to lock in hydration
- Use a humidifier to add moisture to the air
- Avoid tight clothing that causes friction
When to See a Doctor
In most cases, keratosis pilaris does not require a doctor’s visit. Your pharmacist can advise you and recommend suitable treatments. However, if you are concerned about the condition or if symptoms are causing distress or discomfort, it may be helpful to consult your doctor.